There is also a table listing which combinations of languages have been ruled as not registerable, registerable with a weirdness, and registerable without a weirdness.
| Laurel: | Date: (year.month.date) | Precedent: |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Ailís inghean Muirgen of Derrybawn, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th-16th C Irish. We have changed the name to Ailís inghean Mhuirghein to partially comply with this request. Muirgen is a Middle Irish Gaelic name, and we have no evidence that this form remained in use into the the 14th C period; therefore, we substituted an appropriate Early Modern Irish spelling. The patronymic was in the nominative case; we have put it in the genitive case and lenited the the first letter to comply with Gaelic grammar. Finally, an Anglicized locative is out of place in an authentic Irish Gaelic name; it has been dropped. [Ailís inghean Mhuirghein, 05/04, East] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Constance inghean Conchobair, the patronymic mixes a Middle Irish Gaelic patronymic with the Early Modern Irish Gaelic patronymic particle. In addition, Gaelic grammar requires that patronymics beginning with the letter C must lenite or soften when used as part of a feminine name. Therefore, we have changed the name to Constance ingen Chonchobair to make the patronymic temporally consistent and to correct the grammar.
This name mixes English and Gaelic orthographies in a single name; this is one step from period practice.[Constance ingen Chonchobair, 05/04, A-Middle] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Emma Idunn, this name combines an English given name and an Old Norse given name. Because Old Norse does not use unmarked patronymics, Idunn is not a properly formed byname. The properly constructed Old Norse form would be Idunsdottir.
To make this name registerable, the byname must either be changed to a close English form or to the properly constructed Old Norse form. Because a name mixing Middle English and Old Norse is one step from period practice, we have changed this name to Emma Idone, an all English form. Unmarked patronymics are common in English. Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames, dates this spelling of the byname to 1327. The change from Idunn to Idone is also a smaller change in sound and appearance than the change from Idunn to Idunsdottir. [Emma Idone, 05/04, A-Aethelmearc] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | Submitted as Hrothgar Ivarsson, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th-11th C. As submitted, the name mixes an Old English form of the given name with an Old Norse patronymic. An authentic name combining these elements in period would have been written completely in Old English or completely in Old Norse depending upon the language of the document in which the name was recorded. We have changed the name to Hróðgeirr Ívarsson, a fully Old Norse form of this name to fulfill his request for authenticity. [Hróðgeirr Ívarsson, 05/04, A-Aethelmearc] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | This name combines Welsh and Anglicized Gaelic elements, which is one step from period practice.[Kendal Macalpin, 05/04, A-Middle] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | This name combines a Spanish given name with an Anglicized Irish surname. Names mixing Spanish and Anglicized Gaelic elements are not registerable [Sanchia O'Connor 7/97]. Nebuly puts it succinctly: "Withycombe does indeed document the given name Teresa to 1515-82, but as a Spanish name." [Teresa Mac Connelly, 05/04, R-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | This name combines English and German elements, which is one step from period practice. Some commenters wondered whether Rheinfels was a period spelling for this name, but no one found a period citation for this undoubtedly period castle. Therefore, we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt for the spelling of the byname. [Godfrey von Rheinfels, 05/04, A-Atenveldt] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.05 | While not in itself a reason for return, the name mixes English and Spanish, which is a step from period practice. The given name, Isabella, was documented from Withycombe, The Oxford Dictionary of English Given Names. Unfortunately, Withycombe is an unreliable source for names outside of England. The Spanish form of Isabella is Isabel or Ysabel; the name is found in these spellings from the 13th through the 16th C. If the submitter is interested in an authentic Spanish name, we suggest that she use one of these spellings. [Isabella Maria-Magdalena Fernandes de Chaves, 05/04, R-Trimaris] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | This name mixes an English place name with an otherwise Scots name; such a mixture was declared one step from period practice in September 2001. However, many Scots name forms are identical to English name forms. Furthermore, many of the standard sources used by the SCA College of Arms, including the Oxford English Dictionary and Reaney & Wilson, Dictionary of English Surnames, make no distinction between English and Scots forms. We are therefore overturning this precedent, and declaring that names combining Scots and English forms are no longer considered a step from period practice. [Michael Duncan of Hadley, 04/04, A-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | This name combines Gaelic and Scots, which is one step from period practice. [Muireadhach Fairley, 04/04, A-Lochac] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | The submitter requested an authentic name with "the first name Norse and the second name Scottish." While there is a great deal of evidence for Norsemen adopting Gaelic names and vice versa, there is no evidence that Norse and Gaelic orthographies were combined in this manner. This name combines Norse and Gaelic orthographies, which has been ruled one step from period practice. As submitted, it's not authentic although it is registerable.
To make this name authentic, it should be in entirely in either Norse orthography or Gaelic orthography. An entirely Norse form would be Einarr Domnalsson; Talan Gwynek's draft article "Old Norse Forms of Early Irish Names" gives Domnall as the normalized form of the runic "tomnal", which is found in an inscription on a 12th C Icelandic sword hilt. As the College has been unable to find a Gaelic form of Einarr, we cannot speculate on a fully Gaelic form of this name. [Einarr mac Dhòmhnuill, 04/04, A-Calontir] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | This name combines Gaelic and Scots orthographies, which is one step from period practice. [Caitrina de Bruce the Fowler, 04/04, A-Artemesia] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | The name combines English and Flemish. Barring documentation of such combinations, this is one step from period practice. [Rosalind Ryne, 04/04, A-Lochac] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | By precedent, combining French and German in a single name is one step from period practice. [Gabrielle von Friedrichsthal, 04/04, A-Calontir] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.04 | The second problem is that the name mixes an English given name with a Lithuanian byname. As no documentation was submitted showing contact between these two cultures, and none found by the College, such combinations cannot be registered. The submitter may want to consider using a German form of Katherne, since there was contact between Germany and Lithuania in period. Some forms are Katherin 1337, Katherine 1366, and Kethe 1365.
Finally, the name combines a German preposition with a Lithuanian name in the same name phrase. The Rule for Submission III.1.a says "Each phrase must be grammatically correct according to the usage of a single language." Barring documentation that Risna is a German form of this place name, these two words cannot be combined in a name phrase. A better alternative would be to use an appropriate Lithuanian form for the locative byname. However, since we do not know the appropriate form for the place name, we are unable to suggest its byname form. [Katherne von Risna, 04/04, R-Lochac] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | Mixing Gaelic and English orthography in the same name is vanishingly rare and is considered one step from period practice. [Eithne of Brechin, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | This combines an Italian given name with a French byname, which Laurel precedent considers a step from period practice. [Isabetta Delecroix, 03/04, A-Meridies] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | While we know of no examples where Norse and Russian are used in the same name, there is enough contact between the cultures for this to be only one step from period practice.
The submitter specified an interest in having the name be authentic for a language and/or culture, he did not specify which culture. We are, therefore, not able to change the name to meet this request. The name Ari viligisl would be an entirely Norse form. We were unable to find an entirely Russian form. [Arii viligisl, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | This name adds an Italian placename to an otherwise Spanish name. Although the submitter provided documentation for Soldano as a placename in period, no documentation was provided that this particular form was used in Spain. A Laurel precedent of August 2001 holds that combining Spanish and Italian in a single name is a step from period practice, hence registerable. [Diego Rivera de Soldano, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| Shauna of Carrick Point | 2004.03 | The combination of Russian and French is at least a step from period practice. A fully French form of this name is Taurin Sanglier. [Tauron Sanglier, 03/04, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Cyneswith is an Old English feminine given name dated to 656. Old English and Gaelic is registerable with a weirdness (see the discussion for Eithne of Cantwaraburg, registered in August 2002). In order to avoid a second weirdness for a temporal disparity, the byname would need to be dated no later than 300 years after the date for Cyneswith. Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 85 s.n. Eithne) give Eithne as the name of a woman who died in 795 and who was the daughter of "Domnall Mide, the high-king". This reference supports Domnall as a mid to late 8th C name, less than 300 years after the date for Cyneswith. Therefore, the name Cyneswith ingen Domnaill would be registerable with a single weirdness for combining Old English and Old Gaelic in a name. [Cyneswith a bíth inghean Domnaill, 03/2004, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | [...] This name includes a Hungarian masculine given name, Lorand, in an otherwise English name. Lacking evidence of significant contact between speakers of Hungarian and English in period, a name combining these languages is not registerable.
The submitter indicated that sound was most important to him. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) lists Lorent de Tongues. As a name combining English and French is registerable, we have changed the Hungarian Lorand to the French Lorent to resolve the lingual combination issue in order to register this name. [Sabin Lorent Axstell of Mordaf, 03/2004, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Submitted as Shire of Bull Pytt, the submission mixed the Old English pytt with the late period English Bull. This combination is not registerable, as it violates RfS III.1.a, which require linguistic consistency within a name phrase (such as a placename). Siren was able to suggest possible registerable forms:
As Bull Pitte is the closest plausible Middle English form to the submitted Bull Pytt, we have changed the submitted name to that form to register it. [Bull Pitte, Shire of, 03/2004, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | Sudentor was submitted as Middle English with the documentation:
However, there are a couple of issues with the proposed form Sudentor. First, the example of Sudendune dated to the Domesday Book is Old English (or a Latinized form of an Old English placename). It is not Middle English. Second, the cited examples of Dunstore and Eofede torr support -tore as the second element in a dithematic placename and torr as the second word in a two element placename. Neither supports -tor as a Middle English deuterotheme (second half) of a dithematic (two-element, one-word) placename. As a result, the submitted form Sudentor is actually a mix of Old English and Middle English. RfS III.1.a requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. Therefore, this name must be changed to a fully Old English or a fully Middle English form in order to be registerable. Ekwall (s.n. Siddington) dates the form Sudingdone to 1286, showing Suding- as a Middle English form of the earlier Suden-. Therefore, a fully Middle English form of this name would be Sudingtore. Ekwall (s.n. Dunster) dates the form Torre to the Domesday Book. Therefore, Sudentorre would be a form of this name consistent for the language of the Domesday Book (mainly Latinized Old English). Of these two forms, Sudentorre is closer than Sudingtore in sound and appearance to the submitted Sudentor. As the submitters allow minor changes, we have changed this name to the form Sudentorre in order to register this name. [Sudentorre, Canton of, 03/2004, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | The byname ap Erwin does not violate RfS III.1.a, which requires lingual consistency. Though ap was documented as Welsh and Erwin was documented as English, evidence has been found of late period Welsh using English names in bynames that include ap or ferch. This issue has previously been addressed by the precedent:
As a result, the byname ap Erwin is registerable as a Welsh byname that incorporates an English name, which follows documented period practice. [Rhydderch ap Erwin, 03/2004, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | This name has multiple problems.
The given name is documented from a Web page that asserts that Ogar was the name of a king of Urhai (modern Edessa) who Eusebius says corresponded with Jesus. Nebuly provided this information:
As the documentation does not support Ogar as a period spelling, it is not registerable. Drakon, rather than Dracon, is a Greek given name. However, no documentation was presented that it was also a reasonable byname construction in Greek. Barring that evidence, it cannot be registered as a byname. The submission combines a 1st C A.D. name of unclear origin with a Greek name from the 7th C B.C. The LoI did not discuss the language spoken in Urhai/Edessa; Nebuly's and Siren's research suggests that it was probably Syriac but may have been Greek. If Syriac, the name clearly has two weirdnesses, one for mixing Syriac and Greek and a second for combining elements with over 600 years between them. As the College did not have the opportunity to consider the evidence for this lingual mix or for the language(s) spoken in Urhai/Edessa, this combination cannot be registered. [Ogar Dracon, 03/2004, R-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.03 | This name is being returned for having two weirdnesses.
Iror is documented as an Old Norse masculine given name in Geirr Bassi (p. 12). As such, it is undated but appropriate for up to approximately 1100. The word insane was documented as an English word dated to 1550. Therefore, this name has one weirdness for combining Old Norse and Middle English and one weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. Any changes we could make in order to register this name would involve a complete change of the byname. The College found a number of options that may interest the submitter. As there are multiple options, and the form gives no indication of what is most important to the submitter, we are returning this name and providing the information found by the College so that the submitter may choose how he wishes to proceed. A ruling found in the January 1997 LoAR lists a number of period Middle English bynames with similar meanings to the Insane:
A name combining the Old Norse given name Iror with one of these bynames would have one weirdness for combining Old Norse and Middle English in a single name, but would not have a weirdness for temporal disparity since the elements would be dated less than 300 years apart. Therefore, such a name would be registerable with only one weirdness. Silver Nautilus found an Old Norse byname with a similar meaning in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "Viking Bynames found in the Landnámabók" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/vikbynames.html), which lists the byname inn óði as having the meaning 'mad, frantic, raging'. This byname would support a Lingua Anglica byname such as the Mad, but not the Insane. Iror inn óði would be the fully Old Norse form of this name. [Iror the Insane, 03/2004, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | Sufficient contact existed between Flanders and Scotland in period to make a name combining Flemish and Scots registerable, though this combination is a weirdness. [Tanne Comyn, 02/2004, A-Artemisia] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | Submitted as Wolfgang Grothe zu Verron, Verron was documented by the submitter and by the College only as a French place name. As such, the phrase zu Verron combines the German zu with a French place name and, so, violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. We have changed this byname to the fully French form de Verron in order to register this name. [Wolfgang Grothe de Verron, 02/2004, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | As submitted, this name combined a 7th C Gaelic feminine given name with a byname using a modern French placename.
Combining Gaelic and French in the same name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. The temporal disparity between these name elements is greater than 300 years and may be more than 1000 years. Names with a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years but less than 1000 years carry a weirdness. Names having a temporal disparity of greater than 1000 years have long been unregisterable. In either case, the name had at least two weirdnesses and, so, was unregisterable. Maurienne is the modern French name for this location. The College was unable to find an example of this spelling dated to period, though it may (or may not) be reasonable as a late period form. The original Old French version of La Chanson de Roland, written circa 1090, mentions this valley in section CLXXII: "vals de Moriane" (http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/gallica/Chronologie/11siecle/Roland/rol_ch04.html). Based on this information, de Moriane would be a plausible form of this byname for the late 11th C. Dauzat & Rostaing (p. 480 s.n. Morienval) date the Latin form Mauriniane vallis to circa 570. Based on this example, a locative byname form appropriate for circa 570 would be de Maurinianum. Combining the byname form de Maurinianum with the submitted given name would remove the weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years, but it would raise a different issue. In the 6th C, people in the area that is now France were speaking Frankish and a kind of vulgar Latin that evolved to become Old French. Old French appeared in the 9th C and evolved for some time after that. The ruling allowing names combining Gaelic and French to be registered, but carry a weirdness, was based on the significant contact between Anglo-Normans who settled in Ireland beginning in the late 12th C. The Normans who invaded England in the 11th C spoke a form of Old French. Their descendants who settled in Ireland also spoke some form of this language. Therefore, we have support for significant contact between speakers of Gaelic and Old French (or a variant thereof). However, no evidence was found of significant contact between speakers of Gaelic and either Frankish or the vulgar Latin precursor of Old French. Lacking such evidence, a name combining these languages is not registerable. As we were unable to find a way to combine these name elements in a registerable manner, we must return this name. [Faílenn de la Maurienne, 02/2004, R-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | This name combines a Welsh given name with a Spanish byname. No evidence was presented, nor could the College find any, that there was significant contact between Welsh speakers and Spanish speakers in our period. Barring such evidence, a name combining Welsh and Spanish elements is not registerable. [Gweneth Sastre, 02/2004, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.02 | The structure of this name raises issues as well. As submitted, it combines Persian and Roman name elements, an issue which the LoI did not address. Fortunately, the College was able to provide information that there was sufficient contact that the combination should be registerable, though with a weirdness. However, it combines a Persian given name with two Roman cognomen. Given that the majority of the name elements are Roman, the structure of this name must be judged in Roman terms.
The normal structure of a Roman name is [praenomen] [nomen] [cognomen], as in Caius Iulius Caesar. The elements Tigris and Iaxarticus are submitted as cognomens. Given names from other cultures do not map well to the Classical Roman trinomina system, but Darius could be considered equivalent to a nomen in the submitted name. A nomen followed by a cognomen, as in Iulius Caesar, is a normal use name in Classical Latin. There are many cases of Roman notables with multiple cognomens, such as Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, who was also sometimes identified with just the cognomens as Scipio Africanus. However, no evidence was presented that the a nomen followed by multiple cognomens would be a reasonable usename for Classical Roman. Barring such evidence, the name cannot be registered in this form. [Darius Tigres Jaxarticus, 02/2004, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | Listed on the LoI as Milissent Heathwait, this name was submitted as Milissent du Heathwait. The article du was removed at Kingdom as none of the documented examples of this byname contained an article.
An additional problem with the submitted byname du Heathwait was that it combined the French du 'of the' with Heathwait, which was documented as the modern English form of a location in England. The combination of French and English in a single name phrase violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. No evidence was found that an Hea- spelling of this placename is plausible in period. A number of forms of this placename were found dated to period, including in Ekwall (s.n. Heathwaite), which dates the form Haithwait to c. 1175. We have changed this byname to the English form de Haithwait in order to resolve these issues and to make this name sound more like the submitted form (as the submitter indicated that sound was most important). [Milissent de Haithwait, 01/2004, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | This name has one weirdness for mixing the English Athelstan with an otherwise Scots name and a second weirdness for a double given name in Scots. As the submitter allows no major changes, we were unable to drop one of the given names in order to register this name.
Additionally, no evidence was found that the spelling MacKendry is a plausible period form. Metron Ariston found a spelling quite close to the submitted MacKendry: [Malise Athelstan MacKendry, 01/2004, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2004.01 | This name is being returned for a combination of issues.
Briana is a literary feminine given found in Spanish and English in late period (see the Cover Letter for the December 2001 LoAR for details). Bronwen is an SCA-compatible Welsh feminine given name. Regarding Du Bois, the LoI stated:
In fact, the spelling dated to 1421 and 1423 in that source is du Bois not Du Bois. Therefore, this name has one weirdness for an element (Bronwen) that is SCA compatible. Additionally, this name (at best) combines Welsh, English, and French in a single name. The LoI did not address whether such a combination complies with RfS III.1, which states in part, "Each name as a whole should be compatible with the culture of a single time and place". At best, such a combination is a weirdness. Alternatively, it is not registerable. Regardless, this name has one weirdness for use of the SCA-compatible element and at least one weirdness for the lingual combination, and is, therefore, not registerable. As the submitter allowed no major changes, we were unable to drop the element Bronwen and register her name as Briana du Bois. [Briana Bronwen Du Bois, 01/2004, R-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | This name mixes Spanish and Italian, a combination which has been ruled registerable, though with a weirdness. The LoI documented Gabriele as an undated Italian masculine given name. The College was able to find evidence of this name, in this spelling, in 14th to 16th C Italy. While the more common forms of a byname derived from the masculine given name Gabriele would be di Gabriele or Gabrieli, there are examples of unmarked patronymic surnames in period Italian. Therefore, this name may be registered as submitted. [Isabella Gabriele de Álora, 12/2003, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | Engelbert was documented as the name of a saint who was born in 1185. However, the Web site used for documentation of this name merely lists saints. Many such sources routinely normalize the names of saints and, so, do not support the headers used for saints' names as appropriate spellings in period, even for the time period in which that saint lived. The College found support for the spelling Engelbertus in France dated to a917-42. Engelbert is likely a vernacular form of Engelbertus. The section "From Pelican: Regarding the Registerability of Saints' Names", in the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR, explains the conditions under which saints' names are registerable, including:
No evidence was provided and none was found that Englebert was used later than the 10th C, even as a reference to this saint. Lacking such documentation, Englebert must be evaluated as a 10th C French name. While documentation was presented showing that pious was a word in 1603, no documentation was presented and none was found that the word pious was used before 1600. Descriptive bynames using words documented only to late period or just post-period are problematic. By the 16th C, inherited surnames had replaced literal descriptive bynames. Therefore, it is highly improbable that (1) a literal descriptive byname would have been used circa 1600, and that (2) it would have used a word new to the English language. At this time, descriptive bynames of this type are registerable on a case by case basis depending upon the plausibility of the byname in question. As a result, this name combines a 10th C French name with a circa 1603 English descriptive byname. There is no weirdness for combining French and English in a name. Therefore, this name has a single weirdness for combining elements with a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years and is registerable. [Engelbert the Pious, 12/2003, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | Submitted as Donnghal Buchanan, Donnghal is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of a name found in Old Irish Gaelic (c. 700 to c. 900) and Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) as Donngal. No evidence was found of this name used later than circa 1100. Lacking evidence that this name was in use when Early Modern Irish Gaelic was in use, we have changed this name to the Middle Irish Gaelic form Donngal in order to register this name.
Buchanan is a location in Scotland. It is found as a byname in Scots (a language closely related to English) and in Latin in period. Aryanhwy merch Catmael notes that "R&W s.n. Buchanan cite Black for <de Buchanan> c.1270, 1373, <Buchanan> 1506-82." Based on this information, the submitted form of this name combined a Gaelic given name dated no later than circa 1100 with a Scots byname found in that form in the 16th C. As a result, it had one weirdness for combining Gaelic and Scots in a name and one weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. We have changed the byname to a 13th C form in order to remove the weirdness for temporal disparity in order to register this name. [Donngal de Buchanan, 12/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.12 | This name is being returned for (1) lack of evidence of significant contact between speakers of Polish and French (or Hungarian and French, depending upon how you view the given name) in period, and (2) grammatical issues with the byname.
Listed on the LoI as Kinga la Roux, this name was submitted as Kinga de la Roux, the byname was changed at Kingdom to better match available documentation. The LoI provided documentation of Kinga found in Polish records in period:
The LoI also notes that the person referenced in these records is a woman who went on to become a saint. Nebuly identifies that the woman in question is culturally Hungarian, even though she is found in Polish records:
Based on this information, the submitted name combines either Polish and French or Hungarian and French in a name. Regardless, neither combination has previously been addressed. As no evidence of significant contact was provided and none was found, this name must be returned for lack of documenation of this lingual mix. Regarding the submitted byname, the form la Roux is not grammatically correct. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) lists the masculine byname form le Rous (Lyon le Rous) and the feminine byname form la rousse (Aalis la rousse), both meaning 'the red'. Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "Names Found in Commercial Documents from Bordeaux, 1470-1520" (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/bordeaux.htm) shows an inherited surname form: Leroux. Kingdom provided information from consultation with the submitter:
No evidence was found to support de 'of' used with any form of a byname la Rousse 'the red'. The byname forms la Roux and la Rous combine the feminine la with Roux and Rous, both of which are masculine. As none of these byname forms are grammatically correct, they are not registerable. [Kinga la Roux, 12/2003, R-Artemisia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | As submitted, Beorn was documented as Old English and Boghener as German, a mix that has previously been ruled unregisterable due to a lack of evidence of significant contact between speakers of these languages (for a recent discussion of this issue, see Leofric von der Ertheneburg, October 2003 LoAR, Drachenwald's returns).
However, Beorn is also a Swedish name dated to 1200 in Sveriges medeltida personnamn (s.n. Biorn). That form is registerable with a German byname, as there is a weirdness for the lingual combination of Swedish and German in a name, but none for temporal disparity. [Beorn Boghener, 11/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | Submitted as Skara Skye, the only evidence found for Skara was as an accusative form of the Old Norse masculine given name Skári. As a given name needs to be in the nominative case, we have changed the given name to the nominative form Skári, as allowed by the submitter, in order to register this name.
This name combines an Old Norse given name with the byname Skye, which may be considered either English or Scots (a language closely related to English). However, no support has been found for the spelling Skye before 1610:
Therefore, this name had two weirdnesses: one for combining Old Norse and English, and one for elements that are dated to more than 300 years apart. We have changed the byname to the form Skey in order to remove the temporal disparity and register this name. [Skári Skey, 11/2003, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | This name combines Russian and French in a single name, which, under current precedent, is registerable with a weirdness. Therefore, we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt and registering this name.
A call for comments regarding the future registerability of this lingual combination is found in the Cover Letter for this LoAR. [Dobrushcha de Neuf-Claire, 11/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.11 | This name combines a Norse given name with a German byname. There is a weirdness for the lingual combination, but it is registerable. There was considerable contact between Germany and Denmark, including Danish kings controlling the adjoining parts of modern Germany in the 12th and 13th century.
The submitter requested the German form of Sigurd if one could be found. Bahlow documents several names with the first element Sieg-, but not this name. They include the sound-alike Sighart dated to 1295. However, as it is not the same name, we declined to make that change. [Sigurd Grunewald, 11/2003, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Alane MacAonghais, the submitter requested authenticity for Gaelic and allowed minor changes.
As submitted, this name combines the given name Alane, which is Scots (a language closely related to English), with the Modern Gaelic (c. 1700 to present) family name MacAonghais. The corresponding Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of this family name, appropriate for late period Scotland, would be Mac Aonghais. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. A man with this name in period would have had his name recorded completely in Gaelic or completely in Scots, depending upon the language of the document in which his name was recorded. Black (p. 453 s.n. MacAngus) dates Duncan Makangus to 1492. This information supports Alane Makangus as a fully Scots form of this name. Black (p. 451 s.n. MacAllan) lists the Gaelic form of this family name as "MacAilin or MacAilein". However, these are Modern Gaelic forms. Skene's transcription of a manuscript dated to 1467 lists multiple instances of the spelling Ailin, showing support for Ailin as a form dated to period. Therefore, Ailin Mac Aonghais is a reasonable Gaelic form of this name. A form of this name that consistently uses spellings found in Skene would be Ailin mac Aengusa. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to a fully Gaelic form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Alane Mac Aonghais, 10/2003, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Listed on the LoI as Cineád O' Hosey, this name was submitted as Cináed O' Hosey and two letters were transposed in the given name on the LoI. The submitted documentation supported the byname form O'Hosey rather than O' Hosey. We have made this change.
As submitted, this name combined the Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) Cineád with the Anglicized Irish byname O'Hosey, which was dated to the mid-16th C to the early 17th C. This name had one weirdness for combining Gaelic and Anglicized Irish in a name. There was a second weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years since the given name dates to pre-1200 and the byname dates to mid-16th C to early 17th C. We have changed the given name to the Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Cionaodh in order to remove the temporal disparity and register this name. [Cionaodh O'Hosey, 10/2003, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Listed on the LoI as Pedrog Sylvrbeard, this name was submitted as Pedrog ap Sylvrbeard and was changed at Kingdom because the submitted byname combined the Welsh ap and the English Sylvrbeard in a single name phrase and, so, violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency within a name phrase. The submitter requested authenticity for 10th C "Welch/Norse [sic]" and allowed any changes.
Sylvrbeard was submitted as a constructed English byname. However, no support was provided for either the spelling Sylvr- or -beard in period. All of the period examples of bynames including forms of the elements 'silver' and 'beard' found by the College had the 'silver' element spelled as Silver- or Sylver- and the 'beard' element spelled as -berd. Lacking evidence that Sylvrbeard is a plausible form in period, we have changed the byname to the form Sylverberd in order to register this name. The submitter requested authenticity for 10th C "Welch/Norse". Lacking evidence that any of these elements are authentic for the 10th C in either Welsh or Old Norse, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and languages. Additionally, support for a name mixing Welsh and Norse was not provided. As this issue was not addressed in this submission, we are declining to rule on the registerability of a name including Welsh and Norse elements at this time. Since the submitted name combines Welsh and English, which has been ruled on previously, we are registering this name as a mix of Welsh and English. [Pedrog Sylverberd, 10/2003, A-Ansteorra] [Pedrog Sylverberd, 10/2003, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Cináed MacFie, this name combined the Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) given name Cináed with MacFie, which was documented as an undated byname in Scots (a language closely related to English).
No support was found for the submitter's desired form MacFie as a period form. Aryanhwy merch Catmael found dated forms of this byname in Black:
Based on these examples, MacFee is the closest supportable spelling to the submitted MacFie. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. As submitted, this name had one weirdness for combining Gaelic and Scots in a name. There was also a weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years, since the given name dates to pre-1200 and the submitted form of the byname is only documented post-period. We have changed the given name to the Early Modern Irish (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Cionaodh in order to remove the temporal disparity from this name. Thereby, having only the single weirdness for the lingual combination of Gaelic and Scots, this name is registerable. [Cionaodh MacFee, 10/2003, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | The submitter requested authenticity for Ireland, but allowed no changes. This submission combines a Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) given name with an English byname that is plausible for the late 13th C or early 14th C. In period, a child of mixed Anglo-Norman and Gaelic parentage would have had his name recorded completely in Gaelic or completely in English (or Anglicized Irish) depending upon the language of the record in which his name was recorded. Additionally, while evidence has been found of Anglo-Norman given names being adopted into use by Gaels, evidence has not yet been found of Gaelic given names being used in families with Anglo-Norman surnames.
Lacking evidence that the name elements Cael and Saunders were in use in Ireland during the same time period, and lacking evidence that Gaelic and English would have been combined in period in this manner, this name is not authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Cael Saunders, 10/2003, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | This name combines Old English and German, a combination that was ruled unregisterable due to the lack of documentation of significant contact between these cultures in the January 2003 LoAR.
This submission provided no evidence of significant contact between speakers of Old English and German. While the College found some evidence of contact between the area that is now Germany and Anglo-Norman England, no evidence was found of significant contact between speakers of Old English (rather than Middle English or Anglo-Norman French) and German. Lacking such evidence, the precedent ruling a name combining Old English and German to be unregisterable is upheld. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, and changing the language of a given name from Old English to Middle English is a major change, we were unable to change Leofric from an Old English form to a Middle English form (such as Leffrich dated to 1240 in Reaney & Wilson s.n. Leverage) in order to register this name. [Leofric von der Ertheneburg, 10/2003, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.10 | Submitted as Alastar Marcellius, the submitted requested authenticity for 6th C Irish/Roman and allowed any changes.
Since the submitter requested authenticity, there are several points that should be addressed. In the 6th C, the language used in Ireland was Oghamic Irish. Very few examples of Oghamic Irish inscriptions remain and it is not possible, with the information provided in the LoI and that found by the College, to postulate any form of the submitted name in Oghamic Irish. The combination of "Irish/Roman" is problematical. There was significant Roman occupation and influence in the area that is today England. However, no definite archaeological evidence has yet been found that Romans invaded or settled in Ireland as a group, though the "coastal site of Drumanagh, 15 miles north of Dublin ... 'may well have been (and probably was) a major trading station linking Ireland and Roman Britain. It was probably populated with a mixture of Irish, Romano-British, Gallo-Roman, and others, doubtless including a few genuine Romans as well'" (http://www.archaeology.org/magazine.php?page=9605/newsbriefs/ireland). This article notes that Roman coins found at this site date to the 1st and 2nd C A.D. An additional issue is that Roman influence in Britain ended well before the submitter's desired time period of the 6th C. By this time period, Romano-British as a culture had mostly faded as well, though a few Latin names continued in use. From this information, the culture that come closest to the submitter's desired 6th C Irish/Roman is a Romano-British man who lived before the 6th C and who could have visited or traded with Ireland. The submitted given name Alastar is an undated Gaelic form of the name Alexander. The name Alexander was in use among Romans, though no evidence was found that it was used among Romano-British. The name Alexander came into use among Scottish Gaels sometime after Alexander I ruled Scotland (reigned 1107-1124). This Alexander was a son of Malcolm III "Canmore" and his Anglo-Saxon wife Margaret. All of Malcolm and Margaret's children were given non-Gaelic names: Edward, Edmund, Ethelred, Edgar, Alexander, David, Matilda, and Mary. The name Alexander was in use among Scottish Gaels by the end of the 13th C. It first appeared in the forms such as Alaxandar, and Alaxandair. The first diminutive form of this name to appear was Alasdrann, which is found in reference to Scottish Gaels who died in the mid to late 15th C. Annals of Connacht (http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G100011/), entry 1522.6, note a man from Scotland with the name Alusdur. The spellings that appear in the Annals of Connacht are not typical for Early Modern Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700). Alasdar and Alasdair would be forms more typical for Early Modern Gaelic. The first known instance of a Gael in Ireland with the name Alaxandair is a man whose sons are mentioned in annals entries for the years 1504 and 1508. No evidence has yet been found of any Irish Gaelic man in period whose name was any form of the diminutive Alasdar. No documentation was submitted and none was found to support Marcellius as a period variant of the documented Marcellus. Lacking such support, we have changed this element to the documented form Marcellus in order to register this name. The form of this name closest to being authentic for the submitter's desired time and culture would be the Latin Alexander Marcellus. It is an authentic name for a Roman who would have lived somewhat earlier than his desired time period. Though surviving records show no sign that the name Alexander came into use among Romano-British, it is a possibility. If it did, Alexander Marcellus would be a plausible name for a Romano-British man who could have visited or traded with Ireland. Therefore, we have changed the submitted name to this form to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Alexander Marcellus, 10/2003, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Tukka Kirk, there were issues with the documentation for Tukka and with the combination of languages in this name.
The given name Tukka was documented from Reaney & Wilson (p. 456 s.n. Tuck). However, this entry gives no dated examples of Tukka. Instead, this entry states, "... the frequent occurrence of the personal name in the 12th and 13th centuries suggests that we have an Anglo-Scand. *Tukka, a pet-form of ON Þorketil." None of the dated forms listed in this entry end in an a. Metron Ariston explains the notation in this entry, "[T]he discussion in the location cited in Reaney and Wilson [s.n. Tuck] presumes an unattested Tukka derived from the Old Norse. (The asterisk is a dead giveaway!)" Adding to the uncertainty of the form Tukka theorized by Reaney & Wilson is the information in Bardsley (s.n. Tuck), which cites Toka from a Latin entry in the Domesday Book: "'liber homo Stigandi Toka Francigine' (?Toka the Frenchman)". Based on this information, Tukka is, at best, an unattested Old English name formed as a diminutive of an Old Norse name. The byname Kirk was documented as appropriate for 15th to 16th C Scots (a language closely related to English). Combining Old English and Scots in a name has been previously been ruled to be reason for return (Dunno Jamesson, LoAR of March 2002). Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Tuck) date Tukke faber to 1101-7. As the submitter allows any changes, we have changed the given name to the Middle English Tukke in order to register this name. The submitter may wish to know that, since a final e is not silent in Middle English, the form Tukke would be pronounced approximately "TUH-keh" - fairly similar to a modern pronunciation of Tukka. [Tukke Kirk, 09/2003, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | This name is being returned for combining German and Welsh in a single name which has previously been ruled reason for return (Anton Cwith, August 2001) barring evidence of significant contact between these two cultures. The name Alaric was documented from Withycombe (p. 4 s.n. Alaric). However, this entry gives no indication that the name Alaric was used in English in period. The only period information regarding this name provided by Withycombe is the statement that Alaric was "the name of several kings of the West Goths, notably Alaric I who sacked Rome in A.D. 410." This statement only supports Alaric as an early Germanic name. Lacking evidence that the name Alaric was used in a language whose speakers had significant contact with Welsh speakers, this name is not registerable.
No documentation was presented and none was found to support Morganygg as a variant of the placename Morgannwg found in Morgan & Morgan (s.n. Morgan). Lacking such evidence, Morganygg is not registerable. [Alaric Morganygg, 09/2003 LoAR, R-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | Submitted as Gobbán Fahy, the submitter allows any changes. As submitted, this name combined Gobbán, which is an Old Irish Gaelic (c. 700 to c. 900) or Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) form, with Fahy, which is an Anglicized Irish form. Woulfe (p. 522 s.n. Ó Fathaigh) dates the Anglicized Irish form O Fahy to temp. Elizabeth I-James I. Therefore, the submitted form of this name contained two weirdnesses: one weirdness for combining Gaelic and Anglicized Irish in the same name and one weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. We have changed the given name to the Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Gobán in order to remove the temporal disparity and register this name. [Gobán Fahy, 09/2003, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.09 | The submitter requested authenticity for 12th C French/Welsh, requested changes for the meaning 'Chiere, wife of Maredudd', and allowed minor changes.
In most cases, an authentic name in period that combined elements from two languages (in this case, French and Welsh) would be recorded all in one language or all in the other language depending upon the language in which the name was recorded. Clarion provided information regarding Welsh names that appeared in France:
Hercule Geraud, Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel: d'aprés des documents originaux et notamment d'aprés un manuscript contenant Le Rôle de la taille imposée sur les habitants de Paris en 1292 lists a number of entries that use fame to mean 'wife of', including Ameline, fame Phelipe, de Pontaise (p. 7, column 1). Based on this information, a fully French form of this name, appropriate for the late 14th C, would be Chiere fame Mereduc. Lacking information regarding how the French feminine given name Chiere would be recorded in Welsh, we are unable to suggest a fully Welsh form of this name. Lacking evidence of significant contact between French speakers and Welsh speakers in the 12th C, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time period. As the submitter only allows minor changes, and changing the language of a name phrase is a major change, we were unable to change this name to the fully French form Chiere fame Mereduc in order to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Chiere wreic Maredudd, 09/2003, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | The College only found one example of the name Auguste dated close to period. Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "French Names from 1601" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/french1601.html) lists the name August as appearing once, and the form Auguste as appearing once, in the source document. The College was unable to find any evidence that this name was used in France earlier than this time.
Therefore, this name combines a French given name dated to 1601 with an Old Norse byname. As Valason is documented from Old Norse sources that record names used before approximately 1100, this name has one weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. This submission did not provide information regarding the level of contact between French speakers and Old Norse speakers. Depending upon the level of contact between speakers of these languages, combining French and Old Norse in a name is either a weirdness or not registerable. Either status, when combined with the temporal disparity, is cause for return in this name. Therefore, we are declining to rule on whether the combination of French and Old Norse in a name is a weirdness or unregisterable at this time. We would ask the College to consider this issue, that they may offer advice if this combination is submitted in the future. [Auguste Valason, 08/2003 LoAR, R-Ealdormere] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | This submission documented Portia as a literary name in English, Magdalena as an Italian feminine given name, and Bosch as the name of a medieval painter, but did not note the language for this element. The lingual mix in this name caused much discussion. Metron Ariston found evidence for Portia in Italian:
Given the information found by Metron Ariston, this name may be considered as a combination of Italian and Flemish, which is a registerable combination, though it carries a weirdness. [Portia Magdalena Bosch, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | The documentation provided for this name on the LoI was:
This information does not support the use of -bai in period or that a women's name in period would have been taken from the name of goddess. Lacking such evidence, Indirabai is not registerable. Lacking evidence that Indira was used in period as a regular woman's name, it is not registerable. The College found information regarding the submitted byname At-tar:
Lacking evidence that the form At-tar is a plausible period form, it is not registerable. [Indirabai At-tar, 08/2003 LoAR, R-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | This name combines an Anglicized Irish feminine given name with a Romany placename. However, no evidence was provided showing that Anglicized Irish and Romany were spoken in the same location in the same time period. Lacking such evidence, this lingual mix is not registerable as it does not meet RfS III.1, which states in part "As a rule of thumb, languages should be used together only if there was substantial contact between the cultures that spoke those languages [...] Each name as a whole should be compatible with the culture of a single time and place." Lacking evidence that Anglicized Irish speakers and Romany speakers had substantial contact in period, this combination is not registerable.
Additionally, there were problems with each element in this name. The information provided in the LoI for Ena was:
However, this information does not support Ena as a period Anglicization of the Gaelic feminine given name Eithne. As noted by Metron Ariston:
Lacking evidence that Ena is a period Anglicized Irish form of the Gaelic Eithne, it is not registerable. Weshen-eskey gav was documented as the Romany name for Epping, England. However, no evidence was found that this name dates to period. Further, no evidence was found that locative bynames were used in Romany in period. Either of these issues would be sufficient reason for return of this byname. As the submitter allows any changes, this name would be registerable as Eithne of Epping. However, it was generally felt that these changes were more substantial than is generally expected in a major change. Therefore, we are returning this name. [Ena Weshen-eskey gav, 08/2003 LoAR, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.08 | This submission combines an Old Norse given name with a Middle High German locative byname. Old Norse was still in use in 1100. It is generally agreed that Middle High German came into use before 1100. Therefore, Old Norse and Middle High German were in use at the same time. Given this information, combining Old Norse and Middle High German in a name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Tyrfingr von Wolfsberg, 08/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The elements Juan and Tegero were documented as Spanish. Balthazar was documented as Flemish.
Members of the College provided information regarding the level of contact between these cultures. Specificially:
Given this level of contact, combining Spanish and Flemish in an SCA name is registerable, though a weirdness. [Juan Balthazar Tegero, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.07 | The byname of 'Akka violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. The byname of 'Akka combines the English of with the Arabic 'Akka in a case where the common English form of this placename, Acre, is different from the form of this placename in the original language. RfS III.1.a says in part:
Recent precedent discusses this issue:
In the case of this submission, 'Akka is an Arabic form of this placename. In English, it is rendered Acre. This name would be registerable as Katherine of Acre. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to make this change in order to register this name. [Katherine of 'Akka, 07/2003 LoAR, R-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | The submitter requested authenticity for 10th C Welsh/Norse. As the College was only able to find forms of Gawain in English, we were unable to make this name authentic for either Welsh or Norse. As this name is registerable as a mix of English and Old Norse, the question of whether a name mixing Welsh and Old Norse is registerable is not an issue. Therefore, we are declining to rule on such a combination at this time. [Gawain Ivarsson, 06/2003 LoAR, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | Submitted as Gustav Zizka, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Hussite (German/Czech). Gustav was documented from Withycombe. As previously stated:
German sources make it clear that Gustav was borrowed from Swedish; the College was unable to find evidence that it was used as a German given name before 1600. The spellings Gustaf and Gøstaff are found in Swedish (in Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn, vol. 9 s.n. Gøtstaf). We have changed the given name to a form documented to period in order to register this name. Zizka is documented as a Czech byname. As there was extensive contact between Sweden and Czechoslovakia, including a large number of Swedes studying at the University of Prague, the combination of Swedish and Czech is registerable, though a weirdness. However, lacking evidence that any form of Gustav was used in German or Czech, we could not make this name authentic for Hussites (German/Czech) as requested by the submitter. [Gustaf Zizka, 06/2003 LoAR, A-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | Listed on the LoI as Flavia Elena Glamorganshire, this name was submitted as Flavia Elena ab Glamorganshire. [...]
Flavia was documented in the LoI as "the name of a 6th C. female saint, martyred by Moorish corsairs". Upon examining the submitted documentation, it merely states that Flavia was a sister of a saint named Placidus, not that Flavia was a saint herself. Siren found other information regarding Flavia as the name of a saint:
As stated in "From Pelican: Regarding the Registerability of Saints' Names", included in the Cover Letter to the September 2001 LoAR, the names of saints are registerable as part of an SCA name, with some restrictions, including:
In this case, Flavia has been documented as a Roman saint. No evidence was provided, and none was found by the College, that an early saint named Flavia was known in the Middle Ages. Just as in the Sadok example above, we have no evidence that a Welsh, or even English, parent would have known of a saint named Flavia. If they did not know of a Saint Flavia, they could not have named a child for her in their language. Lacking references to one of these saints named Flavia in another language (such as Middle English), the name Flavia can only be considered as the (Roman) Latin name of a 1st and/or 6th C woman, and only appropriate for that language and time. Therefore, the submitted name combines a 1st and/or 6th C Roman Latin given name (Flavia), with a given name documented as both English and Welsh (Elena), and the English name for a Welsh shire (Glamorganshire). Lacking evidence that combining 6th C Roman Latin with Welsh spoken in the Middle Ages is plausible in period, this combination is not registerable. As the submitter allows major changes, we have dropped Flavia in order to register this name. [Elena Glamorgan, 06/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.06 | There was some question regarding the registerability of this name because Uther was submitted as a Welsh given name in an otherwise German name. Names combining Welsh and German have been ruled unregisterable (Anton Cwith, 08/01, A-Ansteorra).
The name Uther is found in Sir Thomas Mallory's Le Morte d'Arthur as the name of Arthur's father. As such, is is a literary name known in English. Precedent allows registration of Arthurian names:
Therefore, this name is registerable as an English given name in an otherwise German name. Combining English and German in a name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. [Uther Schiemann der Hunt, 06/2003 LoAR, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.05 | Submitted as Ryan De Caergybi, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C English and allowed minor changes.
There was some question regarding the registerability of the name Ryan. Both Ryan and Rian are plausible Anglicized Irish forms of the Gaelic masculine given name Ríán, which was the name of a saint (per Ó Corráin & Maguire, p. 155 s.n. Ríán). Therefore, Ryan and Rian are registerable as Anglicized Irish forms of this saint's name under the guidelines for registerability of saints' names (see the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR for details). The byname was submitted as De Caergybi. However, the submitted documenation supports de Caergybi. We have made this correction. There was some question whether the combination of Anglicized Irish and Welsh is registerable. Anglicized Irish, like Scots, is structurally similar to English. Therefore, as with Scots and Welsh (Anton Cwith, LoAR of August 2001, Ansteorra's acceptances), combining Anglicized Irish and Welsh in a name is registerable, though a weirdness. Mixed Gaelic/Welsh names remain unregisterable. [Ryan de Caergybi, 05/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The submitter requested authenticity for northern English. Brighid is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of this name. When this name was used in English, it took on other spellings. Aryanhwy merch Catmael found forms of this name in Lancashire (northern England) and Gloucestershire (southwestern England):
Based on this information, Brichet Ross and Brychet Ross would be forms of this name appropriate for Northern England. As the submitter only allows minor changes, and changing the language of the given name from a Gaelic form to an English form is a major change, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's desired culture. [Brighid Ross, 04/2003 LoAR, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | Submitted as Wilo ingen Donnchada, Wilo was documented only as a masculine given name. The byname ingen Donnchada means 'daughter of Duncan'. Gaelic patronymic bynames were used literally in period. Therefore, this name was not registerable as submitted since a man could not be a daughter. Since the submitter marked "don't care" for gender on her form, we have changed the byname to the masculine form mac Donnchada in order to register this name. [Wilo mac Donnchada, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The elements in this name have a temporal disparity of more than 1000 years. Una is a Gaelic name dated to 1310 and later. Orcadiana is a locative byname referring to the Orkneys. The root of this byname is Orcades, dated to the mid-2nd C in section II.A.1 of Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's article "A Consideration of Pictish Names" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/pictnames). As these two elements are dated to more than a millennium apart, this name must be returned. [Una Orcadiana, 04/2003 LoAR, R-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | The submitter requested authenticity for the 14th C and allowed any changes. The submission documented the given names Anna and Lyse as German and the byname Warwick as English. No evidence was found that either German or English used double given names in the 14th C. Additionally, Lyse was documented only to the 15th C. As Anna was used in both English and German, we would have dropped the given name Lyse in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. However, doing so would bring this name into conflict with Anne of Warwick, queen to Richard III. Therefore, we have registered this name as submitted, but were unable to make it authentic for the 14th C as requested by the submitter. [Anna Lyse Warwick, 04/2003 LoAR, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.04 | This name is being returned for combining a Welsh given name with a Hungarian descriptive byname. al-Jamal addressed the documentation for Welsh-Hungarian contact provided in the LoI:
Lacking evidence that Welsh and Hungarian cultures had substantial contact, this name is not registerable. [Aneirin Nevetség(es), 04/2003 LoAR, R-Trimaris] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | Submitted as Eadwine of Foxecote, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 12th C Anglo-Saxon. As submitted, this name combines the Old English Eadwine with the Middle English of Foxecote. An authentic period name combining these elements would have been recorded completely in Old English or completely in Middle English depending upon the language of the document in which this language was recorded. Ekwall (p. 186 s.n. Foxcote) dates the form Fuscote to the Domesday Book. Gösta Tengvik, Old English Bynames, pp. 54-56, in the section entitled "Lat. de (in OE charters)" gives some examples of Old English given names with Latin locative bynames. Based on these examples, Eadwine de Fuscote would be an authentic form of this name for an Old English record. Reaney & Wilson (s.n. Foxcot) date Edulf de Foxcote to 1189. Therefore, a fully Middle English form of this name appropriate for the 12th C would be Edwin de Foxcote.
We have changed the byname to a form documented to the submitter's desired time period in order to partially meet his request for authenticity. As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to a form appropriate for Old English to fully meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Eadwine de Foxcote, 03/2003, A-Ealdormere] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.03 | The submitter requested authenticity for Romania and allowed minor changes. Vladimir was documented as Russian. While both Vlad and Vladislav were found in Aryanhwy merch Catmael's article "Names from the Royal Lines of Moldavia and Wallachia" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/romanian.html), the College was unable to find examples of Vladimir used in Romanian in period. As the submitter only allows minor changes, we were unable to change Vladimir to one of the Romanian forms found in Aryanhwy's article in order to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested culture.
At this time, it seems reasonable to for a name using both Russian and Romanian elements to be registerable. However, no one has presented evidence to support sufficient contact between these two cultures to make such a mix registerable without a weirdness. Therefore, a name mixing Russian and Romanian is registerable, but carries a weirdness. [Vladimir Musat, 03/2003, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Fiachrae the Bonesetter, the submitter requested authenticity for 13th to 14th C Ireland. As submitted, this name combined the Middle Irish (c. 900 to c. 1200) masculine given name Fiachrae with an English byname. Additionally, the term bonesetter was dated to c. 1510 as an English word. In the spelling boone setter, it was dated to c. 1470. Therefore, the submitted form of this name had two weirdnesses: one for combining Gaelic and English in a name, and a second for elements whose forms are dated more than 300 years apart. To remove the weirdness for temporal disparity in order to register this name, and to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity, we have changed the given name to the Early Modern Irish (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form Fiachra. Lacking evidence that the Bonesetter would have been used as occupational byname for a Gael in Ireland, we were unable to make this name authentic for the submitter's requested time and culture. [Fiachra the Bonesetter, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Æthelmearc] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Iain MacPhilip, this name had two weirdnesses, which has been reason for return. There was one weirdness for use of an SCA-compatible name (Iain). There was also a weirdness for combining Gaelic and Scots (a language closely related to English) in a name. As the submitter allows any changes, we have changed the Gaelic form Iain to the Scots form Ian in order to render this name a single language. As the form Ian MacPhilip has only a single weirdness for use of the SCA-compatible name Ian, it is registerable. [Ian MacPhilip, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Caoillain Rose Maddox, the submitter requested authenticity for an Irish given name and an English surname. Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 41 s.n. Cáelfind) lists Caoilinn, not Caoillain. Lacking evidence that Caoillain is a plausible period form of Caoilinn, it is not registerable. We have changed this name to the documented form Caoilinn in order to register this name.
Since two bynames sometimes occurred in a single name in late period England, we have left both Rose and Maddox in this name. However, lacking evidence that a Gaelic given name, rather than an Anglicized Irish given name, would be combined with English bynames in period, this name is not authentic for forms of names found in England or Ireland in period. [Caoilinn Rose Maddox, 02/2003 LoAR, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Eric was submitted under the Legal Name Allowance. However, no documentation (such as a photocopy of a driver's license) was provided to support Eric as the submitter's legal given name. Lacking such evidence, Eric is not registerable via the Legal Name Allowance.
Siren found that Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn (vol. 5, column 735, s.n. Erik) shows several examples of Eric as a Swedish masculine given name, including Eric Stook dated to 1460. Therefore, this submission is registerable as a Swedish given name with an English byname. [Eric Haukeseye, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Eadric Longfellow, the submitter requested authenticity for an unspecified language/culture (presumably English based on the documentation) and allowed any changes. As submitted, this name combines an Old English given name with a Middle English byname dated only to 1475 and later.
Combining Old English and Middle English in a single name is a weirdness because of the dramatic linguistic and orthographic differences between the two languages. A modern English speaker can usually read unmodernized versions of plays by Shakespeare with few difficulties. Many can read unmodernized versions of works by Chaucer, though with more difficulty. If you hand them a copy of Beowulf that is not modernized (or translated), very few will be able to make heads or tails of it. These differences are the basis for the weirdness for using Old English and Middle English in the same name. The weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years is a different issue from the lingual mix of Old English and Middle English. As explained recently:
Therefore, the submitted form of this name had two weirdnesses; one for the lingual mix of Old English and Middle English, and a second for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. As the submitter indicated that the sound of the name was most important to him, we have changed the given name to the form Edric, which is dated to the 13th C in Talan Gwynek's article "Men's Given Names from Early 13th Century England" (http://www.s_gabriel.org/names/talan/eng13/eng13m.html), to change this name to a completely Middle English form in order to register this name. [Edric Longfellow, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | Submitted as Osa Hrafnsdóttir, the submitted form of this name had two weirdnesses. Osa was documented as a Swedish given name dated to 1406. Hrafnsdóttir is an Old Norse patronymic byname. Combining Swedish and Old Norse in a name has previously been ruled a weirdness (Bjarki Einarson, April 2002). Since Old Norse dates to the 11th C and earlier, this name had a second weirdness for a temporal disparity of greater than 300 years. We have changed the given name to Asa, the Old Norse form of Osa, in order to register this name. [Asa Hrafnsdóttir, 02/2003 LoAR, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.02 | This name introduces a single German element Johannes in an otherwise Frisian name. In a name that consists of more than two elements, it makes sense to judge the construction of the name in terms of the language of the majority of the elements in the name. Therefore, the construction of this name must be evaluated as a Frisian name. No evidence has been presented that double given names were found in Frisian. Therefore, this name cannot be registered as submitted.
As the submitter does not allow major changes, we cannot drop the second given name Johannes to register the name. [Douwe Johannes Brongersma, 02/2003 LoAR, R-Drachenwald] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Bronwen is a modern Welsh name that is registerable as an SCA-compatible name.
The LoI stated that "an Druaidh is the registered last name of submitter's mundane husband (Conall Mac an Druaidh - 8/1994 Atlantia)". However, Conall's byname is not an Druaidh. The elements an Druaidh are simply part of his byname, which is Mac an Druaidh, 'son of the druid'. Only entire elements of name phrases may be used under the Grandfather Clause. Therefore, since Mac an Druaidh is the grandfathered element, it is not eligible to support a submitted byname inghean an Druaidh 'daughter of the druid'. Since patronymic bynames are literal in Gaelic in period, Mac an Druaidh may not be used as a woman's byname, because she is a daughter, not a son. This name also combines Welsh and Gaelic in a single name, which has previously been reason for return. [Bronwen inghean an Druaidh, 01/2003 LoAR, R-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Leofwine av Sumersaeton, the submitter requested authenticity for 1056 Anglo-Saxon England and allowed minor changes. As submitted, this byname combines the modern Swedish av with the Old English Sumersaeton and so violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. We have changed the particle from the Swedish av to the Old English of to resolve this problem.
Old English grammar requires that, in personal names having the form [given name] of [placename], the placename be in the dative case. The documented Sumersæton (found in Ekwall, p. 430 s.n. Somerset) is a nominative form. The dative form of this placename is Sumersætum. We have made this correction in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Leofwine of Sumersætum, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Seona is a modern Scottish Gaelic form of Joan. Lacking evidence that it was used in period, it is not registerable. Additionally, this name combined Gaelic and Welsh in the same name, which has previously been reason for return. [Seona ferch Angharad, 01/2003 LoAR, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Thorgrim van de København, the submitter requested authenticity for Danish and allowed any changes. The submitted byname van de København combines van de, which appears in both Dutch and Low German, with København, which is modern Danish. Because of this mix, this byname violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. Metron Ariston provided information about period Danish forms of this name:
From this information, af Havn and af Købmannehavn are period Danish forms of this byname. As the latter is closer to the submitted form, we have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name and to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Thorgrim af Købmannehavn, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Listed on the LoI as Anna von Regensburg, this name was submitted as Anya Von Regensberg and changed at Kingdom to match documented forms. Sommelier found information regarding the submitter's originally submitted given name:
Given this information, Anya is registerable as an English feminine given name. As the submitter allows any changes, we have returned the given name to the submitted form Anya. [Anya von Regensburg, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | Submitted as Liuedai von Regensburg, this name combined Liuedai, which is a Latinized form of an Old English name, with the German byname von Regensburg. Lacking evidence that Anglo-Saxon England had significant contact with Germany, a name combining Old English and German is not registerable. We have changed the given name to the Middle English form Luveday (dated to 1205 in Reaney & Wilson, p. 285 s.n. Loveday), in order to register this name. [Luveday von Regensburg, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | The submitter requested authenticity for Polish. The documentation submitted indicates that Wilhelm "is dated to 1423 in the Slownik Staropolskich Nazw Osobowych [VI: 96]". (This source is often abbreviated as SSNO.) Aryanhwy merch Catmael inquired of several people regarding aspects of this name and SSNO in general. Among the commentary she passed on was information from Talan Gwynek, who explained that "some of the documents cited in SSNO are actually in German and use Germanized forms even of some native Polish names". Given this information, the example of Wilhelm that appears in SSNO may be from a German record of a Polish person. As we were unable to confirm that Wilhelm was actually used as a Polish form of William, we were unable to confirm that this name is authentic for Polish as requested by the submitter. [Wilhelm Michalik, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2003.01 | This name combines the Hungarian feminine given name Ersebet with an otherwise Italian name. There was considerable discussion regarding the registerability of such a mix. A name including Hungarian and Italian elements has previously been ruled to be registerable:
The Cover Letter of the August 1999 LoAR includes a discussion entitled "Mixed language names". This discussion describes different levels of contact between cultures. Of these, the level that best fits contact between Italian and Hungarian according to current evidence is:
Lingual mixes that fall into the second category, such as Hungarian and Italian, are registerable, though they carry a weirdness. As this is the only weirdness in this name, it is registerable. [Ersebet Francisca Cardinali, 01/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Submitted as Jean d'Esledes, the LoI stated that the submitter requested "an authentic French/Burgundian name meaning 'John of Leeds' accurate for the Hundred Year War time period". The time period of the Hundred Years War begins in the early/mid 14th C and ends in the early 15th C. Esledes was documented as dating to the Domesday Book (which means either 1066 or 1086) in Ekwall (p. 293 s.n. Leeds). Presumably, the form Esledes is, therefore, Old English or Latin. Regardless, combining it with the French d' violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase. This form is also around 250-350 years too early for the submitter's requested time period. Reaney & Wilson (p. 275 s.n. Leeds) dates Hugh de Leedes to 1285. We have changed the byname to this form to partially meet the submitter's request for authenticity. As we were unable to find a French form of the byname, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Jean de Leedes, 12/2002, A-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Submitted as Elena inghean Ronáin, the submitter requested authenticity for 14th C Scottish and allowed any changes. This name combines the Latin Elena with the Irish Gaelic byname inghean Ronáin. An authentic name in 14th C Scotland would be recorded all in Latin, Scots (a language closely related to English), or in Scottish Gaelic depending upon the language of the document in which the name is recorded. Lacking evidence that any form of the masculine given name Rónán was ever used in Scotland (either as a given name or in a byname), we were unable to suggest authentic forms of this name for the submitter's desired time and culture. [Elena inghean Rónáin, 12/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | This name is registerable as a combination of Anglicized Irish and 14th C Icelandic, though this combination carries a weirdness. [Davin Steingrimsson, 12/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Combining Scots and Danish in a name is registerable, though this combination carries a weirdness. [Krag MacYntier, 12/2002, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.12 | Given the level of contact between their cultures, a name that includes Persian and Arabic name elements is registerable with a weirdness. [Shirin al-Adawiya, 12/2002, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Bronwen was upheld as SCA compatible in the Cover Letter for the December 1995 LoAR. Since F. K. & S. Hitching, References to English Surnames in 1601 and 1602 (p. xlv), date Frasier to 1602, this name may be viewed as a mix of an SCA compatible Welsh given name and an English surname. Therefore, this name has a weirdness for use of an SCA compatible element. Since mixing Welsh and English in a single name carries no weirdness, this name does not have a second weirdness and is registerable. [Bronwen Fraser, 11/2002, A-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Submitted as Finn Kirkpatrick, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th to 12th C Irish. As submitted, this name combined a Gaelic given name with a Scottish placename in Scots (a language closely related to English). In period, a name would have been written all in Gaelic or all in Scots depending upon the language of the document in question. We have changed the byname to the form de Kirkpatrick dated to 1194-1211 in Black (p. 407 s.n. Kirkpatrick) for authenticity for the submitter's requested time period. Lacking examples of Kirkpatrick used in Ireland in period, we were unable to make this name completely authentic for the submitter's requested culture. [Finn de Kirkpatrick, 11/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | The phrase ingen Fhaolain violates RfS III.1.a (which requires linguistic consistency in a name phrase) because it combines the particle ingen, which is an Old Irish Gaelic (c. 700 to c. 900) and Middle Irish Gaelic (c. 900 to c. 1200) form, with Fhaolain, which is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form. We have changed the particle ingen to the Early Modern Irish Gaelic form inghean to resolve this issue. [Máirghréad inghean Fhaoláin, 11/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.11 | Submitted as Georgius of Canterbury, the submitter requested authenticity for English. Georgius is a Latinized form of the name George. In period records, a name that is culturally English would typically be recorded completely in Latin or completely in Middle English depending upon the language of the record in which the name is recorded. Mills s.n. Canterbury dates the form Canterburie to 1086. A fully Latinized form of this name would be Georgius de Canterburie. A fully Middle English form of this name would be George of Canterburie. As the Latinized form is the closer of these to the submitted form, we have changed this name to a fully Latinized form to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Georgius de Canterburie, 11/2002, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Gorm Bola, the submitter requested authenticity for early Norse/Russian. There was sufficient contact between the Norse and Russia to make a name mixing these languages registerable, though it is a weirdness. In period, a name combining elements from these languages would have been written all in Norse or all in Russian depending upon the language of the document in which the name was recorded. Lacking a Russian form of Gorm or a Norse form of Bola, we were unable to suggest authentic forms of this name. [...] [Gorm Bolin, 10/2002, A-Middle] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Submitted as Stowe on the Wald, Canton of, this name combined the Middle English Stowe on the with the Old English Wald. As a placename is a single name phrase, the submitted form was in violation of RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. Mills (s.n. Stow, Stowe) dates Stowe on the Olde to 1574. Speed's The Counties of Britain (p. 83, map of Gloucestershire, map dated to 1610) lists Stowe on y(e) wowld ("(e)" represents a superscript 'e'). We have changed Wald to Wowld to make the entire name Middle English in order to register the name. [Stowe on the Wowld, Canton of, 10/2002, A-Lochac] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | The byname von Aschehyrst violates RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a name element. Aschehyrst, the name of the submitter's group, is English, while the particle von is German. A similar case is shown in the precedent:
Submitted as Ulrich von Rudivale, we have changed the [von] to of since the rules require that prepositions must agree in language with the following noun, and Rudivale, which is the client's home group, is English. (Jaelle of Armida, LoAR July 1996, p. 13) As the submitter allows no changes, we cannot change von to of and register his name. However, as the submitter allows a holding name, we have formed his holding name, Karl of Aschehyrst, according to the standard format of using the name of his branch, in order to permit registration of his armory. By having Karl of Aschehyrst as a holding name, rather than an (undesired) name change, we can register the device, which would otherwise have to be returned. [Karl von Aschehyrst, 10/2002, R-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | O'Céileachair combines the Anglicized Irish O' with the Irish Gaelic Céileachair. (The forms definitely show an apostrophe rather than an accent on the O.) RfS III.1.a requires linguistic consistency within a name element. As the submitter allows no changes, we were unable to change this to the fully Gaelic Ó Céileachair in order to register this name. [Daniel O'Céileachair, 10/2002, R-Ansteorra] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | Rhiannon was ruled SCA-compatible in the cover letter for the October 1985 LoAR. Mixing English and Welsh in a name carries no weirdness. Therefore, this name is registerable with only one weirdness for use of an SCA compatible element (in this case, Rhiannon). [Rhiannon Boyle, 10/2002, A-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | This name has two weirdnesses. There is one weirdness for use of an element (in this case Corwyn) that is only SCA compatible. Corwyn is a variant of Corwin, which is an English surname that is SCA compatible as a given name. There is a second weirdness for combining English and Scots in a name (per the ruling for Katrina Rosehearty in the LoAR of September 2001). [Corwyn MacCamie, 09/2002 LoAR, R-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.10 | This name combines the Old English name Bubba with a name that is otherwise Scots. Combining Old English and Scots in a single name is not registerable (see the ruling for Dunno Jamesson in the March 2002 LoAR for details). [Bubba Ianson of the Caves of Smoo, 10/2002, R-West] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | This name combines Anglicized Irish and Old Norse in a single name, which has been ruled unregisterable:
Additionally, the byname 6zveginn is incorrect. Geirr Bassi (p. 26) lists this byname as óþveginn - with the initial character being an accented o, not the number 6, and the second character being a thorn, not a z. [Turlough 6zveginn, 09/2002 LoAR, R-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Basecg was only documented from Savage's The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, which is a modern translation. Metron Ariston found information regarding this name:
So Bagsecg and Bachsecg are Old English forms of the name of a Norse prince who died in 871. This submission combines this given name with the byname von Basel, which is Middle High German. Lacking evidence that mixing Old English and Middle High German is plausible in a single name, this combination is not registerable. As the submitter indicated that sound was most important, he may be interested in the option found by Hund:
As the submitter only allowed minor changes, we were unable to change this name to the German form suggested by Hund in order to register this name. [Basecg von Basel, 09/2002 LoAR, R-An Tir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Cavelli was submitted as a variant of the Italian name Cavalli found in Ferrante LaVolpe, "4300 Citizens of Pisa Swear to Maintain the Alliance with Siena, Pistoia and Poggibonsi" (http://library.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/italia/pisani.html). The LoI stated that the submitter would "accept spelling of Cavalli, if needed for registration". Metron Ariston found Cavelli as the name of a French family in the 15th & 16th C. Since the submitter prefers the spelling Cavelli, has noted no preference for language (just that sound was most important), and allows any changes, we are registering the submitted spelling Cavelli as a French name. A fully Italian form of this name would be Angelo Paolo Cavalli. [Angelo Paolo Cavelli, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | The submitter requested authenticity for "French-Maltese". This name combines the Italian given name Lucia with the French byname de la Valette. In period, this name would have been written completely in Italian or completely in French depending on the language of the document in which the name was recorded. Based on the example of Luce la Berote found in Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html), Luce de la Valette would be a fully French form of this name. As the College found no Italian form of the byname, we are not able to determine a fully Italian form of this name. Since the submitter allowed only minor changes, we are unable to change this name to a fully French form in order to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Lucia de la Valette, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | The LoI noted that if the submitter's "name must be changed she cares most about the language/culture (14-15th century Italy, for English mercenaries there)." As she did not request authenticity, we have made no changes to this name. However, given the specific culture she is interested in, she may wish to know about some information that the College found. Sir John Hawkwood's name was normally rendered in Italian as Giovanni Acuto. Given this example, it is most likely that the submitted name would vary depending upon whether the woman in question was being referred to by English speakers living in Italy, or if she was being referred to by Italian speakers. Among the English speakers, she would likely be known simply as Catharine Hawkwod. Among Italian speakers, she would most likely be known by an Italian form of her name, such as Caterina Acuto or Caterina Acuto da Barbiano. [Catharine Hawkwod da Barbiano, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Caid] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.09 | Submitted as Iain mac Caradoc, the submitter requested authenticity for 15th C Scots and allowed any changes. Iain is a Gaelic masculine given name, ruled SCA compatible in April 1997. However, no evidence has yet been found that it was used in period. The submitted byname mac Caradoc combined the Scots or Anglicized Irish particle mac with the Welsh name Caradoc. RfS III.1.a requires linguistic consistency in a single name phrase. Therefore, the phrase mac Caradoc is in violation of this rule and is not registerable. No examples were found of any form of Caradoc in either Gaelic or Scots (a language closely related to English). Therefore, we have changed the byname to the form Cradoc, which is a plausible form based on the examples of Philip Craddoc dated to 1205 and Robert Cradock dated to 1301, both in England, in Reaney & Wilson (p. 114 s.n. Craddock). Morgan & Morgan (p. 67 s.n. Caradog) explain that the change in this name from Caradoc to Cradoc forms is due to an accent shift in early Welsh. Use of an element that is only SCA compatible (Iain in this case) counts as a weirdness. Combining English and Gaelic in a single name is also a weirdness. To avoid having two weirdnesses in this name, which would cause the return of this name, we have changed the given name to the form Ian, which is also SCA compatible. Since Ian is Scots, and mixing Scots and English in a single name carries no weirdness for the lingual mix, Ian Cradoc is a registerable form of the submitted name. [Ian Cradoc, 09/2002 LoAR, A-Atenveldt] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Ælfric gylðir, the submitter requested authenticity for 11th C Norse. As submitted, this name combined an Anglo-Saxon given name with an Old Norse byname. Given the amount of contact, a name mixing Old English and Old Norse is registerable with a weirdness. Regarding authenticity, though, in period this name would have been written all in Old English or all in Old Norse depending upon the language of the document. Argent Snail found an Old Norse form of the given name:
We have changed the given name to the form documented by Argent Snail to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. [Alfric gylðir, 08/2002, A-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | This name combines an Italian given name with an SCA compatible English byname. Combining an Italian given name and an English byname in the same name is registerable, though it is a weirdness. However, this name contains a second weirdness for use of an SCA compatible element (the Traveler). As the name has two weirdness, it is not registerable. [Nuzzio the Traveler, 08/2002, R-Meridies] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Ilaria Jacqueline Montrevel, the submitter requested an authentic French/Italian border name and allowed any changes. She noted that if the double given name was not registerable, then she preferred to drop Jacqueline and keep Ilaria.
In period, a name mixing Italian and French elements would have been written all in Italian or all in French depending upon whether the document that included the name was written in Italian or French. Colm Dubh's article "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html) lists Dame Ylaire la lingière and Dame Jaqueline la Bordonne. Argent Snail found other period forms of portions of this name:
From this information, an authentic French form of this name would be Ylaire Jaqueline de Montrivel or Ylaire Jacqueline de Montrivel. As we were unable to find forms of Jacqueline or Montrevel in Italian, we were unable to determine an authentic Italian form of this name. We have changed this name to the second of the French forms listed above to meet the submitter's request for authenticity. As submitted, this name contains an Italian given name, a French given name, and a French locative byname. Since mixing French and Italian in a single name is only one weirdness, Ilaria Jacqueline de Montrivel would be a registerable, though not authentic, form of this name that would be close to the originally submitted form. [Ylaire Jacqueline de Montrivel, 08/2002, A-Outlands] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Derek of Connemara, the submitter requested authenticity for 10th C Flemish/Irish. The language of the Low Countries in this time period was Old Low Franconian (Old Dutch). The language of Ireland in this time period was Middle Irish Gaelic. Lacking evidence that these cultures had significant contact, a name mixing these languages is not registerable. Withycombe (p. 82 s.n. Derek) dates Deryk to the 15th C and Derric to 1605 as English. Therefore, Deryk of Connemara and Derric of Connemara are registerable forms of this name. We have changed this name to the first of these options as it is the closer to the submitted form. [Deryk of Connemara, 08/2002, A-Atlantia] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | This name combines an Irish Gaelic given name dated from the 8th to 11th C with an Old English byname. Olof von Feilitzen, The pre-Conquest Personal names of the Domesday Book [sic], p. 30, says of Irish names that appear in the Domesday book:
Some of the given names in the Domesday Book that he identifies as referring to Irish names are: Fyach (p. 251 s.n. Fíacc), Gilemicel and Ghilemicel (p. 261 s.n. Gillemicel), Gilepatric and Ghilepatric (p. 261 Gillepatric), and Melmidoc (p. 323 s.n. Maelmaedhog). It is important to note that these forms are not Gaelic spellings, but Old English renderings of Gaelic names. Given these examples, mixing Gaelic and Old English in a name is registerable, though there is a weirdness for mixing the orthographies of Old English and Gaelic. [Eithne of Cantwaraburg, 08/2002, A-East] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | Submitted as Axel Haroldsson, the submitter allowed any changes. He specified 8th to 11th C "Scandanavian[sic] Dansk Norge Svenska" in the authenticity section but noted that he did not wish changes to make his name authentic.
As submitted, the byname Haroldsson used the English name Harold in an Old Norse patronymic form. As such, it violated RfS III.1.a, which requires linguistic consistency in a single name element. Heralds attending the decision meeting at Pennsic found the byname Haroldsøn dated to 1424 in Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn (vol. 11, column 118, s.n. Harald). This is the closest form found to the submitted byname. We have changed the byname to this form in order to register this name. Argent Snail noted that "Lind dates Axel in this spelling to 1366, while Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn dates this spelling of Axel to 1397 and 1398." So, Axel Haroldsøn is a fine name for late 14th C or early 15th C Swedish. Regarding the time period and culture in which the submitter noted an interest, Geirr Bassi (p. 8) lists the given name Áskell, and (p. 11) Haraldr. From this information, an authentic Old Norse name appropriate for the submitter's desired time period would be Áskell Haraldsson. As the submitter noted he did not wish changes to make his name authentic for this time and culture, we have made the minimum changes necessary in order to register this name. [Axel Haroldsøn, 08/2002, A-Calontir] |
| François la Flamme | 2002.08 | This name combines a Welsh name dated to the 5th to 9th C with a Scots byname dated to 1590. Therefore, this name has two weirdnesses (one for mixing Welsh and Scots, and one for a temporal disparity of more than 300 years), which is cause for return.
The LoI noted that the submitter originally wanted Ryon as a given name, but could not document that spelling. Given that information, the submitter may want to consider the Irish Gaelic given name Rian. Ó Corráin & Maguire (p. 155 s.n. Ríán) which lists a saint of this name and notes that the modern surname Ó Riain (O Ryan) derives from this name. Rian is an Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c. 1200 to c. 1700) form of this given name and would be registerable under the guidelines for the registerability of saints' names given in the Cover Letter for the September 2001 LoAR. Therefore, Rian McHenrik would have a single weirdness for mixing Gaelic and Scots in a name, but would not have the temporal disparity that exists in the name Rhain McHenrik. As the submitter did not allow major changes, we were unable to make this chan |